Spinning or roving frame



L. W. CAMPBELL.

SPINNING OR ROVING FRAME.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, 1919.'

Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

UNITED". STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEON W: CAIPIBELL, OI PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

SPINNING 0R ROVING FRAME.

Application filed April 19,

T 0 all whom it may con cern Be it known that I, LEON W. citizen of the United States, residing at Providence, in the county of Providence, State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spinning or Roving Frames, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to spinning and roving frames, or like textile apparatus, and' consists of improvements in the construction and arrangement of the drawing-rolls. The object of my improvement isto provide a system of drawing-rolls which willoperate on the sliver or roving to draw-its fibers more nearly in proportion to their length, whereby a stronger, smoother and more uniform yarn is obtained in the finished prod-' uct. To this end my improvement consists essentially in providing means for acting on the sliver or roving positively at two points arranged at a distance apart, while also employin a third means for drawing the sliver throug frictional contact only, the friction means being interposed between the two positively acting means.

The invention is fully described in the following specification, illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate like parts. In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a spinning-frame showing my improved system of drawing-rolls applied thereto; and

Fig. 2 a plan view of the same.

Referring to the drawings, 2 designates the front rail of the frame of on which are mounted a series of standards or brackets 3 for supporting the drawingrolls. The brackets 3 are provided with suitable bearings 4 for receiving the journals 5 of a fluted cylinder 6 which is divided longitudinally into the several bottom-rolls 77. At the front of the brackets 3 are inclined shelves 8 on which-are mounted the adjustable bearings 9 for the front rolls 10. The bearings 9 are constructed in the form of journal-blocks and are secured to the shelf 8 by means of bolts 11. The bolts 11 extend through slots 12 in the shelves 8 whereby to provide for adjusting the front rolls 10 in an inclined plane toward and away from the rear fixed rolls 7.

The brackets 3 also carry fixed bearings 14 arranged between the bearings 4 and 9 and elevated slightly thereabove. The bear- CAMPBELL, a

Specification of Letters Patent.

the machine Patented Mar. 1, 1921 1919. Serial No. 291,305.

ings 14 receive the journals 15 of a cylinder 16 which is divided into a series of friction rolls 17. In some cases the peripheries of the rolls 17 may be scored with circumferential grooves 18, see Fig.2 for receiving the strand of the roving or sliver S whereby to increase the contact of the strand thereagainst to insure more draft of the roll thereon, it being understood that no pressure roller is employed in conjunction with the roll 14 as is the case with the other rolls 7 and 10.

To provide for the contact of the sliver or roving S against the positive drawingrolls 7 and 10 the usual top-rolls 20 and 21 are arranged thereabove to be pressed against the strand passing under them. As shown in Fig. 2 the top-rolls 20-20 and 21'21 are arranged in pairs connected by axial spindles 22, 23 on which they rotate. The spindles 22 and 23 are held in position at their centers by means of a bearing-member or arm 25 reaching'forwardly from the rear of the standards 3. As shown in the drawings the arm 25 is constructed from a strip of sheet-metal bent into a loop 26 at its rearward end to adapt it to be supported from a horizontal rod 27. The end of the loop 26 is bent back to form an extension 28 arranged in parallel, spaced relation with the vertical portion 29 of the arm 25, and a screw 30 inserted therethrough serves to bind the sides of the loop against the rod 27.

31 projecting rearwardly from the end brackets 3 of the series. As shown in Fig. 2, the ends of the rod 27 are reduced at 32 and inserted throu h holes in the arms 31 with nuts 33 appliec thereto to hold the rod in place.

The bearing for the spindle 22 of the top rolls 20-20 is formed by suitably shaped ears 34c bent up from the sides of the arm 25. On the other hand, the bearing for the spindle 23 of the front rolls 2121 is made separate from the arm 25 in order that it may be adjusted longitudinally thereof to position the rolls 2121 in accordance with the adjustment of the lower rolls 10. For this purpose the bearing 35 is constructed with two opposite side-plates 3636 strad- 1 ed at the top by cross-strips 4:0, 41. Reaching down through the forward cross-strip 41 is a set-screw 42, the end of which binds against the top of the arm 25. By loosen- 5 ing the set-screw 42 thebearing member 35 may be slid along the arm 25'an'd secured in its position of adjustment by clamping the screw down against the arm. The top-rolls 20 and 21 are generally covered with leather or other cushioning material and are pressed down-against the bottom-rolls 7 and by means of weights suspended from a saddle, not herein shown, which rests on the rollspindles 22 and 28 as usually arranged in machines of this type. J

Extending across the back of the frame at the rear of thedrawing-rolls is a horizontal, flat bar 45 which is supported at its end in slots 46 in the arm 31 D the;end brackets 3. The bar 45 ,isf-provided' with suitably-spaced trumpet-like fopenings &7 through which the strands Sioff' sliver or roving are led to direct them'to the rolls.

Projecting forwardly from thefront-rail 2 of the frame is. the usual thread-board 48 to which are hinged the guide-members 49 carrying wire pigtails or thread-guides 50. From the guides 50 the strands S lead down to the travelers 51 on the spinning-rings 52 '0 which spin the yarn onto the bobbins B. The construction and arrangement of my improved spinning or roving frame having now been described in detail, its method of operation will next be explained.

It is to be understood that the two sets of bottom-rolls 7 and'lO are rotated positively and continuously by means of gearing at their ends, not herein shown, but of the usual arrangement as enerally provided onspinning-frames. he intermediate friction' -roll 17 is also driven positively from the same train and the gearing is arranged to i a faster rate of speed to the front-ro s10 than to the other rolls 7 and 17. The iiitermediate rolls 17 may also be geared to rotate faster than the rolls 7, or the same effect can be accomplished by making the rolls 17 of greater diameter as illustrated in the drawings to provide for 0 a greatersnrface speed of their peripheries.

In preparing. the machine for operation the strands offsliver S are led through the trumpet-gui cls 47 in the rear bar 45; thence between the back rolls 7 and their to -rolls 55 20; next ovr the intermediate rolls 1 and down between the front-rolls 10 and their top-rolls 21. From the front-rolls 10 the strands S lead down through the threadguides 50 to the ring-travelers 51 to be 60 twisted thereby and wound onto the receiving bobbins B. As the strands S pass between the bottomrolls 7 and their top-rolls 20 the pressure of the latter causes them to be positively J5 gripped and fed along at a predetermined make a partial wrap around the peripheries of the rolls 17. That is to say,the strands S make contact with the surface of the rolls '17 throughout substantially ninety degrees of their circumference, or more if desired, in order to provide the required frictional gripping effect. As the strands Sdrav'v off '80 from the rolls 17 and pass. to the' rolls- 10 and 21 they are again"positivelypgripped' therebetween to feed them on to the spinning apparatus below.-; In the,-caseof rov ing-machines the" spinning-rings 521 are displaced by fliers in accordance with the usual arrangement. It is to be noted however that for both spinning and roving frames the arrangement of the 'drawingrolls is the same and the manner in which they operate is as next explained.

The positively-driven back rolls. 7 draw the strands S into the machine at a fixed rate of speed and, as beforeexplaitied, the 4 peripheral speed of the next intermediate friction-rolls 17 is slightly greater due either to their increased diameter or faster drive, or both. Now as the sliver passesover the rolls 17 the surface friction of the latter on the strands will cause a draftbetween the rolls 17 and 7.- That is to say, the sliver will be pulled out through the drawing of its fibers one past another in the usual manner as well understood by those versed in the art? a lVith all systems of roll-drawing heretofore used the roving or sliver is drawn be tween positively engaged points along its length. That is tosay, the strand is gripped positively at intervals between the several 11 sets of top and bottom rolls which are spaced apart in fixed relation. With my present system of drawing I improve on this method by providing means for drawing the ,sliver through frictional contact at a point intermediate the two positive gripping means. The object of this is to allow for a draft more inpr oportion to the length of staple of the fibers inthe sliver. With the previously used method the drawing-rolls must I20 be set at spaced intervals and driven at rel ative speeds as limited by the shortest fibers of the sliver, it being understood of course that the length of fibers vary to a considerable extent in any one runof roving or sliver. Now with my improved arrangement of the drawing-rolls this variation in the length of fibers can be discounted to some extent. That is to say, the action of the intermediate friction-roll on the sliver provides what might be termed a give-andtake draft so that the individual fibers in the strand will not be pulled out one be yond another. In other words, the draft action is inductive instead of positive. This inductive action is due to the fact that the sliver. or roving strand is frictionally gripped by the roll 17 throughout an extended portion of its length, while the positive rolls grip -it at only one point. Stated another way, the parallel fibers of the strand lie against the roll throughout the greater part of their length as they are drawn alongby frictional contact therewith, but a certain amount of slippage is allowed as between adjacent fibers so that there is anatural tendency to draw one in relation to the other. At the same time, all of the related fibers of any particular length or section of the strand will have suflicient contact with the roll to prevent them from being drawn apart, and it .is through this frictional control of the draft that a more even and uniform product is obtained.

After the strands leave the rolls 1'? they pass between the top-rolls 21 and the bottomrolls 10 and are positively gripped thereby- ,to provide a still further drawing action.

That is to say, the peripheral speed of the driven roll 10 is greater than that of the'intermediate roll 17 to effect the final draft on the sliver. With my present improved arrangement of the drawing-rolls a greater draft may be applied to the sliver 0r roving without weakening its structure since as above explained the fibers will be more evenly and uniformlv displaced in proportion to their length without the danger of the structure and arrangement of the supporting-means for the rolls might be varied and the arrangement of the rolls themselves be still further modified without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention; therefore without limiting myself to the exact embodiment herein shown and de scribed, what I claim is:

1. in a spinningor roving-machine, the combination of pairs of cooperating top and bottom drawing-rolls adapted to act positively on the strand of sliver or roving to feed it through the niachine, and an auxiliary drawing-roll across which the strand leads to adapt the roll to apply an inductive draft to the fibers by its frictional contact therewith, said pairs of rolls arranged with their axes in inclined planes intersecting the plane of the axis of the auxiliary roll whereby the strand is caused to pass between the top and bottom rolls at right-angles to the plane of their axes and in a straight course tangent to the periphery of the auxiliary roll.

2. In a spinningor roving-machine, the combination of pairs of cooperating top and bottom drawing-rolls adapted to act positively on the strand of sliver or roving pass ing between said rolls, an auxiliary friction drawing-roll arranged intermediate the pairs of top and bottom rolls and adapted to act on the strand by frictional contact to apply an inductive draft to the fibers, and means to adjust the top and bottom rolls in relation to the auxiliary roll to vary the amount of the draft.

3. In a spinningorroving-machine, the

combination of continuously-driven bottom drawing-rolls, top-rolls cooperating with the bottom-rolls to positively grip the strand of sliver or roving passing therebetween to feed it through the machine, and an auxiliary continuouly-driven frictionroll arranged intermediate the pairs of top and bottom rolls to adapt the strand to draw across its periphery whereby an inductive draft is applied to the fibers, said rolls arranged in such relation as to adapt the strand to draw between the top and bottom rolls at substantially right angles to the plane of their axes while leading to and from the axiliary roll in a straight course tangent to its periphery.

4. In a spinningor roving-machine, the combination of continuously-driven bottom drawing rolls, top-rolls cooperating with the bottom-rolls to positively grip the strand of sliver or' roving passing therebetween to feed it through the machine, an auxiliary contin11ouslyclriven friction-roll arranged with its periphery adapted to contact with the strand to apply frictional draft on the fibers thereof, and means to adjust one pair of top and bottom rolls in a direction inclined to the plane of the axes of the other set of top and bottom rolls.

5. In a spinningor-roving-machine, the combination of spaced pairs of cooperating top and bottom drawing-rolls adapted to act positively on the strand of sliver or rovin to feed it through the machine, an auxiliarj friction-roll positioned intermediate he pairs of top and bottom rolls and adapted to feed the strand by frictional contact therewith to apply an inductive draft on its fibers, said pairs of top and bottom rolls arranged with their axes in inclined planes intersecting at a point beneath the axis of the intermediate roll. and means to adjust the pairs of top and bottom drawing-rolls in a direction at right angles to the plane of their 6. In a spinning or roving-machine, the combination of pairs of cooperating top and bottom drawing-rolls between which the strand of sliver or roving feeds, and an auxiliary friction-roll across which the strand leads to adapt it to be fed by frictional contact to apply an inductive draft on its fibers, said auxiliary roll provided with an annular groove on its periphery for receiving the strand whereby to increase the frictional contact of the roll With the fibers.

7. In a spinning; or roving-machine, the combination with brackets carrying bearings,'of bottom-rolls journaled in the bearings on said brackets, a, member hinged at one end to the bracket and carrying bearings for the top-rolls, top-rolls journaled in said bearings to adapt them to rest upon the bottom-rolls, and an intermediate frictionroll journaled in hearings in the brackets and arranged between the pairs of top and bottom rolls to adapt the strand of sliver or roving to pass thereacross as it draws be tween said top and bottom rolls.

8. In a spinningor roving-machine, the combination of vertical brackets having fixed bearings, back rolls journaled in said fixed bearings, separate bearings adjustably mounted on the brackets, front rolls journaled in said adjustable bearings, a member hinged at one end to the brackets and extending across the top of the bearings thereof, a top roll journaled in bearings on said member to adapt it to contact With the back roll, anadjustable hearing at the forward end of said member, a top r011 journaled in said bearing to adapt it to contact with the front roll, and an auxiliary friction-roll arranged in. bearings on the brackets intermediate of the front and back rolls.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

LEON W. CAMPBELL. 

